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ТЕХНОЛОГИИ ЗАГОТОВКИ, ХРАНЕНИЯ И ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЯ КОРМОВ

ͪКормопроизводствоͫ № 3, 2016

www.kormoproizvodstvo.ru

48

(с надоем больше 9 000–10 000 кг) или новотельных коров,

то есть для тех животных, которым крайне необходимо сни-

зить кислотную нагрузку на рубец, при этом обеспечив их

достаточным количеством легкопереваримой структурной

клетчатки. Ржаной силос, таким образом, будет дополнять

базисные объёмистые корма (кукурузный силос, сенаж лю-

церны), применимые для всего стада, а в случаях невысокого

их качества — и компенсировать эти недостатки.

Литература

1. Using fall rye for pasture, hay and silage / Agdex 117/20-1, Government of Alberta, Agricultural and Rural development. — 2009. — P.14.

2. Bagg J. Fall rye for silage or grazing / J. Bagg // Ontario Ministry of agriculture food and rural affairs. — 2005. — No. 2.

3. Winter annual small grain forage potential. II. Quantification of nutritive characteristics of four small grain species at six growth stages / K. L. Ed-

misten, J. T. Green, J. P. Mueller, J. C. Burns // Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis. — 1998. — No. 29 (7–8). — P. 881–899.

4. Fisher L. J. Intake and digestibility of corn, rye and sorghum-sudan grass silages by lactating cows / L. J. Fisher, J. R. Lessard // Can. J. Anim. Sci. —

1987. — No. 67 (4). — P.1027–1032.

5. Jentsch W. The influence of drying intensity on the utilization of energy from dried fodders by dairy cows / W. Jentsch, H. Wittenburg, R. Schie-

mann // Arch. Tierernähr. — 1973. — No. 23 (4). — P.309–321.

6. Assessment of nutritive value of cereal and legume straws based on chemical composition and in vitro digestibility / S. Lopez, D. R. Davies,

F. J. Giraldez, M. S. Dhanoa, J. Dijkstra, J. France // J. Sci. Food Agric. — 2005. — No. 85 (9). — P.1550–1557.

7. Nutrient requirements of beef cattle: 7th edition. —Washington D. C.: National Academies Press, 2000.

References

1. Using fall rye for pasture, hay and silage / Agdex 117/20-1, Government of Alberta, Agricultural and Rural development. — 2009. — P.14.

2. Bagg J. Fall rye for silage or grazing / J. Bagg // Ontario Ministry of agriculture food and rural affairs. — 2005. — No. 2.

3. Winter annual small grain forage potential. II. Quantification of nutritive characteristics of four small grain species at six growth stages / K. L. Ed-

misten, J. T. Green, J. P. Mueller, J. C. Burns // Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis. — 1998. — No. 29 (7–8). — P. 881–899.

4. Fisher L. J. Intake and digestibility of corn, rye and sorghum-sudan grass silages by lactating cows / L. J. Fisher, J. R. Lessard // Can. J. Anim. Sci. —

1987. — No. 67 (4). — P.1027–1032.

5. Jentsch W. The influence of drying intensity on the utilization of energy from dried fodders by dairy cows / W. Jentsch, H. Wittenburg, R. Schie-

mann // Arch. Tierernähr. — 1973. — No. 23 (4). — P.309–321.

6. Assessment of nutritive value of cereal and legume straws based on chemical composition and in vitro digestibility / S. Lopez, D. R. Davies,

F. J. Giraldez, M. S. Dhanoa, J. Dijkstra, J. France // J. Sci. Food Agric. —2005. — No. 85 (9). — P.1550–1557.

7. Nutrient requirements of beef cattle: 7th edition. —Washington D. C.: National Academies Press, 2000.

RYE SILAGE — AN OPTIMAL FORAGE FOR HIGH YIELDING COWS’ DIET

I. A. VYSOTSKIY

“KWS RUS”, Ltd

398001, Russia, the Lipetsk region, Lipetsk, Petra Velikogo sq., 2

E-mail:

ilya.vysotskiy@kws.com

Currently many regions of North Europe culƟvate hybrid rye. Rye is becoming more common in other countries due to its high

yield, flexible sowing Ɵme, tolerance to different soil condiƟons and earliness. OpƟmal cuƫng Ɵme is one of the most impor-

tant parameters affecƟng green mass and silage quality and nutriƟonal value. Warm and dry weather condiƟons lead to rye

overgrowth, reducing its nutriƟonal value but, at the same Ɵme, increasing green mass yield. To produce silage of the best qual-

ity winter rye should be cut before the heading Ɵme. Otherwise very fast lignificaƟon occurs, lowering net energy of lactaƟon

(NEL) down to 4.5–5.0 MJ. However, silage yield rises up to 30 t ha

-1

. SUch a silage made of overgrown rye is not the best fod-

der for high-yielding dairy cows, but it can be fed to replacements or dry cows. Rye silage of early cut showing high level of neu-

tral detergent fiber (NDF) digesƟbility, Net Energy of lactaƟon and crude protein is one of the most valuable ingredients of diet

made for high-yielding (milk yield of 9000-10000 kg) or fresh cows. These groups of animals require sufficient amount of digest-

ible structural fiber but without significant acid load for a rumen.

Keywords:

rye, silage, neutral detergent fiber, net energy of lactaƟon.

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