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P R O D U C T IO N OF B IO A C T IV E S U B S T A N C E S B Y U N C O N V E N T IO N A L

T E C H N O LO G IE S

COMPARISON STUDIES OF TWO SUSPENSION PLANT CELL LINES -

PRODUCERS OF SHIKONIN

G.V.Zaitscva, L.V.Kozlovtseva, S.E.Strogov, V.V.Turkin, E.M.Fetisova

JSC "Biochimmash", Moscow, 125299

In this report some data are presented for the properties of strains VK-

L .erythrorhizon

and ME-75

A.euchroma

established early by the scientists

of this country as alternative sources of shikonin - a value biologically active

pigment of plant origin. These data were obtained by us when the technology

of suspension cell cultivation was being developed.

Cells were cultivated in Erlenmeyer flasks and bioreactors (fermentators

with mechanical stirring) of volume up to 1 0 0 1under established optimal

conditions presented in appropriate technological documents. Exept for

bioreactortypes, temperature, length of cultivation period all conditions were

distinct for each strain to ensure process optimization: nutritive media,

substitution of medium, inoculum dose, aeration and stirring regime. The

end results of cultivation process were estimated by wet and dry biomass

yield, content of shikonin in ceil culture. Morphocytological cell properties

were also determined that are of importance for suspension bioreactor

processes such as cell and aggregate size.

It was found that with about the same wet and dry biomass yield for

both cell strains (usually no more 300 and 15 g/l respectively), maximum

shikonin yield for strain VK-39 (about 2 g/l) is higherthan that for strain ME-

75 (about 1 g/l). But as this takes place the inoculum dose for strain VK-39

is nearly twice as large as that for strain ME-75 (6-8 g/l in comparison with

3-4 g/l). Moreover strain ME-75 is more adequate for suspension cultivation.

Altthough cells of this strain are larger in size (in 2 times), they forme more

small-sized aggregates in the cultural fluid. For both strains the attemptsto

increase the shikonin production in runs with immobilization on polyurethane

foam, extraction in situ, addition of precursors, elicitors, substitution o f media

(exepting strain ME-75 - in the last case) have not met with good success.

Considerable fluctuations of biomass and shikonin yields have been

demonstrated on long subcultivating of both strains.

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