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The importance of the phenolic compounds for the plants is determined by
their participation in the oxy-reducing processes as oxidants and regulators in
phytosynthesis (Кретович, 1980). The different types of pollutions have direct
effect on the content of polyphenols in the medical plants (Иванчева и др.,
2000). The changes in their content is an adaptive reaction to extreme growing
condition and development of the plants ( К о н д р а т ю к и др., 1980; Ш к о л ь
н ик а , 1983).
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The samples for analysis from
Achillea crithmifolia
and
Tanacetum vulgare
were collected in 1998 in phase „blossoming" from different ecological sites
(Table 1). Voucher specimens are deposited at the Herbarium of the Institute
of Botany at Bulgarian Academy of Science in Sofia (SOM).
Table 1.
Origin of material investigated.
Species
District
Pollution
Achillea crithmifolia
W. et K.
Pirdop - Copper melting factory
Industrial
Achillea crithmifolia
W. et K.
Sofia - Tzarigradsko shosse
Transport
Achillea crithmifolia
W. et K.
Vitosha - Platoto
Background
Tanacetum vulgare
L.
Pirdop - Copper melting factory
Industrial
Tanacetum vidgare
L.
Sofia - Tzarigradsko shousse
Transport
Tanacetum vulgare
L.
Vitosha - Platoto
Background
Dried leaves and stems are rinsed with acetone to dissolve the exudate
materials that were concentrated by evaporation of the solvent. The qualitative
identification of flavonoids and tannins is performed by TLC chromatography,
sorbent: Polygram Si-gel/UV 254; system toluene/dioxan/acetic acid 90:25:4.
The individual compounds are identified by comparison with authentical
samples by TLC chromatography with Naturstoffreagentz. The quantitative
assessment of flavonoids and tannins is made according to the standard
methods.
RESULTS AND DISSCUSSION
The data from the analysis of the qualitative and quantitative presence of
flavonoid aglycones and tannins in the overground parts of
Achillea crithmifolia
and
Tanacetum vulgare
are shown on Table 2-5.
Table 2 shows that apigenin and 3,6,4'-trimethoxyquercetagetin are present
in high quantity in all samples. There is 3,4'-dimethoxy kaempferol in norm
in the samples with transport and background pollution and it is in high
quantity in industrial polluted district. 3,6,4'-trimethoxy-6-hydroxykaempferol
is presented in larger quantities in the transport polluted region, compared to
others. There are traces of 6,7-dimethoxy-6-hydroxyluteolin in all samples.
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