ЭлБиб

different origins. The salidroside from the air-dried rhizomes is 1.55%, collected

in Rila, 0.95% - in Stara Planina and 0.72% - in Pirin Mountains ( E v s t a -

t i e v a, R e v i n a, 1985).

The plants are resistant to diseases. It is working to standardize the

medical product, as well as to adapt the plant to be cultivated under wider

range of conditions.

ACORUS CALAMUS

Our investigations have shown, that the populations of this particular

species have become extinct or are seriously decreased, as a result of the

disturbed water regime - drainage, contamination, ploughing up, etc. The

species is protected by the Law of Biodiversity (2002); Currently, the existence

of the species is below the critical minimum (only isolated individuals, strongly

inhibited in their growth). The species support the density of populations

through vegetative reproduction only by rhizome suckers ( Е в с т а т и е в а ,

1982). The influence of some ecological factors on the growth in controled

conditions in the medicinal botanical garden was investigated. Soil moisture

and fertile land are of primary importance for optimum growth and development

of the particular species ( Е в с т а т и е в а , 1984).

The chemical composition of essential oil in roots, rhizomes and leaves of

Acorns calamus

from 3 native Bulgarian populations, was studied.(E v s t a -

t i e v a, et al. 1986). The results showed that the content of the essential oil

of rhizome is the highest in the populations of Sliven - 2.4% and predominated

shiobunones, preisocalamendiol, acorene and В asarone.

GENTIANA LUTEA L. AND GENTIANA PUNCTATA L.

These two species are protected by the Law of Biodiversity, included in the

Red Data Book of Bulgaria, in the category of threatened with extinction

(В e л ч e в, 1984).

The natural habitats of these plant species are in the rocky subalpine and

alpine regions, clearing near the supper forest boundary of Rila, Pirin, Vitosha,

and Stara Planina mountains, at 1600-2500 a. s. 1. The slopes in them are with

higher and more permanent air humidity.

A significant part of

G. lutea

and

G. punctata

populations are rare, and

they continue to decline ( G e o r g i e v a , E v s t a t i e v a , 2000). The main

reason for their limited distribution is the anthropogenic influence - collecting

of rhizomes.

RHEUM RHAPONTICUM L.

Rheum rhaponticum

is an endemic, rare medicinal plant, small in numbers

and with extremely limited occurrence in the natural habitats in Rila Mountain.

Species is protected by the Law of Biodiversity (2002), and included in the

Red Data Book of Bulgaria, in the category of rare plant ( В е л ч е в , 1984).

Электронная Научная СельскоХозяйственная Библиотека