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GENETICENGINEERINGOF CEREALS:
TRANSGENE EXPRESSIONINMAIZE AND WHEAT
R.H.Vallejos,M.L.Alvarez,G.D.Cervigni, C.M.Heisterborg, J.L.Morre,
J.P.Ortiz,C.M. Palena, H.R.Permingeat,M.V. Romagnoli,G.L.Rossi
andM.I.Zanor
CentrodeEstudios FotosintdticosуBioqufmicos(CEFOBI)
(CONICET,Fund.M. Lilo,UniversidadNacionaldeRosario)
Suipacha531,2000Rosario, Argentina
Stable transformation ofhybrids andcommercialcultivarsofmaizeand
wheatwas achievedwithhigh eficiency using agun powderor helium-driven
microparticleacelerator.Gold ortungsten microparticles coatedwithplasmids
containing etherthe
hpt
or
bar
genesasselectablemarkerandthe
uidA
geneas
reporterwereused.Inadditiongenesofagronomicinterestingtraitssuchas resistanceto herbicides,insectsandfungi werealso introducedinthesameplasmid
or,morefrequently,byco-transformation.Transgeneswerestablyintegratedinto
the plantgenomeandtransmitedtothe third(wheat) andfourth(maize)generationfollowingMendelianrules.TransgenesweredetectedbyPCR asays, Southernhybridization andexpression.Transformationefficiencywashigherthan5%
(transgenicplantsperbombardedexplant)inwheatandhigherthan
1%
inmaize.
When amixtureoftwoplasmidswasusedco-transformation efficiency was40-
60%.
Maizetransformation wasachievedwiththeA188/B73 andacommercial
hybrid.Transformationofwheatwas achieved withcultivarsandhybridswith
genesexpectedtoimprovebread-makingandnutritionalqualityandresistanceto
rustand
Fusarium.
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