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C E L L S E L E C T IO N
INDUCED MUTAGENESIS OF PLANT SOMAT IC CELLS AND IN
VITRO MUTANTS SELECT ION
S.L.Koranova
Timiryazev Institute o fPlantPhysiology, Botanical Street 35, Moscow 127276,
Russia. Tel.903-93-92,E-Mail .
is exhibited that N-NMU promotes some inheritable changes in
plant somatic cell culture. The value of this induction exceeds the level of
the spontaneous genetic variation not less than by 1-2 orders of magnitude.
Using definite selective conditions following genetic changes are found out:
phytohormonal prototrophy - auxotrophy,resistance to toxic analogues of
amino acids 5-MT and PPPA. The inheritable nature of this changed traits is
confirmed by Physiological-Biochemical investigating.
2. It is found out that low doses of N-NMU promote cultivated cells
growth. However, there are several peaks of stimulation and decline of
cultivated plant cell growth within this low-doses range.Thusthe undulatory
character of N-NMU influence on the growth processes has been discovered.
W e demonstrate that culture treatments with the use of stimulating
and slightly suppressing this mutagen doses give a possibility to produce
strains and cell clones characterized by intensive, stable growth. The
inheritance of these polygenic traits has been proved by quantitative genetics
methods. It is considered that not only suppressing cell growth but stimulating
it doses o f N-NMU can induce such kinds o f genetic mutation. This
phenomenon is demonstrated by using the selective system of their
resistance to some amino acid analogues.
3. Several high-productive strains- and cell clones-producers of steroids
(dioscorea, yucca, ayuga) and possible producers of peroxidases (alfalfa)
are obtained by the methods of induced mutagenesis, cloning and selective
media. Also, auxin prototrophic cell clones of dioscorea and tobacco are
picked out. All these variants are of great interest both for fundamental science
and fo r applaid purposes.
4. W e confirm that N-NMU induces genetic changes characterized by
pleiotropic effect.
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