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РАСТЕНИЕВОДСТВО И ЗЕМЛЕДЕЛИЕ 24
ͪКормопроизводствоͫ № 7, 2015
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FORMING MILLET AGROCENOSES WITH LEGUMES AND SPRING RAPE
IN THE CIS-BAIKAL FOREST-STEPPE
V. A. Agafonov1, 2
E. V. Boyarkin, PhD Biol. Sc.1, 2
O. A. Glushkovа1
V. A. Solodun, Dr. Agr. Sc.1, 2
1Laboratory of fodder production, Irkutsk Agricultural Research Institute
664511, Russia, Irkutsk district, stl. Pivovarikha, Dachnaya str., 14
2Department of Agriculture and Crop Research, Irkutsk SAU named after A. A. Ezhevskiy
664038, Russia, Irkutsk district, stl. Molodezhnyy
E-mail:
This study reveals the best seeding rate and opƟmum raƟo of components in crop mixes of millet (Panicum mili-
aceum L.) with pea (Pisum saƟvum L.), field pea (Pisum saƟvum L.), vetch (Vicia saƟva L.) and spring rape (Brassica
napus var. napus L.). It was evaluated how the weather condiƟons influence on the plant growth and development
and how dates of sowing influence on the producƟvity of these crop mixtures. The mixtures with vetch proved the
most clogging-resistant. At higher seeding rates of the legume component mechanized harvesƟng of green mass
was difficult. At lower seeding rates of legumes the grass mixture proved low-producƟve. Millet in its pure form
has a low nutriƟonal value, and the use of rapeseed as a caƩle feed can adversely affect the health of the animals.
The producƟvity of pea-and-millet mixtures was considerably lower compared to all other mixtures. The highest
yield of pea-and-millet mixture was 1.8 tons fodder units ha-1, the raƟo of components being millet 80 %* + pea
50 %. The highest yield was obtained from the following mixture: millet 80 % + vetch 50 %. It amounted to 2.3 tons
fodder units ha-1 the yield increase being 21 %. Speaking of millet-rape agrocoenoses, the most producƟve variant
was millet 70 % + rape 50 %. This mixture gave an increase of 5.2 % feed units. Due to their biological characteris-
Ɵcs, all millet-rape mixtures were suitable for mechanized harvesƟng of green mass. The highest yield of nutrients
was obtained from the variants with higher seeding rate of legumes and spring rape. When the seeding rate of le-
gumes was 50 % of recommended, the content of digesƟble protein increased to 113.4…116.7 grams feed unit-1.
In millet-rape mixtures the highest content of digesƟble protein was in the variant with rape seeding rate of 50 %.
It amounted to 114.3 grams feed unit-1. The highest costs were observed when culƟvaƟng millet with pea or field
pea, net income being the lowest. Millet 80 % + vetch 50 % gave the highest profit.
Keywords: millet, rape, pea, field pea, vetch, mixing raƟo, two-species mixture, producƟvity.
* Here and further: % of recommended seeding rate
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