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T O T IP O T E N C Y A N D M O R P H O G E N E S IS OF P L A N T C E L L S
IN V IT R O
SOMATICEMBRYOGENESISINEMBRYOCULTUREOFHAZELNUT
(CORYLUSAVELLANAL.)
A.A.Yatsyna
ForestInstitute oftheNationalAcademy ofSciences o fBelarus, Gomel
In woody plants the induction o f embryoid formation and their further
development have always been a problem. So far, the factors influencing
this process have not been re-vealed. The effect of the varying medium
compositions on the formation of embryoids in variousaged immature emryos
o f hazelnut was studied.
It is established that the embryogenic potential of the embryos is
considerably correlated with the the degree of their maturity. The embryos
excised in July demonstrated the highest capacity for the direct somatic
embryogenesis. The harmonic composition of the me-dium scarcely affected
this process. The formation o f embryoids was evident in both the media
containing auxins (2 ,4-D, NAA) and cytokinins (kinetin, BAP) and the media
supplemented with cytokinins alone. These structures were usually formed
in cotyledons in the form of white solitary newgrowths, while clusters
composing dozens of embryoids were less abundant at any stage of the
development. The embryoid differed in the form of cotyledons. However, jar
structures prevailed. Differentiation o f the embryoids up to the point of
cotyledon formation occurred on the primary media during 30 days of culture.
A fterthe embryoids had been transferred to the BAP-containing medium
(0.2 mg/L) on the hormone-free medium we observed their further development
and the formation of secondary embryoids in the cotyledons of the primary
ones. Under these conditions in most of the embryoids rhizogenesis was
observed, while epicotyl did not develop. Shoots elongated at a temperature
o f 4 °C for four and more weeks.
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