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T O T IPO T EN C Y AND M O R PH O G EN E SIS OF PLANT C E L L S IN V IT R O
MICROSTOREAS THE INITIAL CELLOFMORPHOGENESIS INWHEAT
ANT H E R CULTURE INVITRO
N.N.Kruglova, V.Yu.Gorbunova
Institute o fBiology, UfaSci.Centre, RussianAcad. Sci. 450054 Russia,
Ufa,pr. Octyabryfa69,
Androgenesis in vitro is one of the most interesting phenomena
consisting in the formation of a plant from microspore via formation of the
embryoid or callus. The question about the features of similarity and difference
between microspore which marks the beginning of the embryoid or callus in
vitro and zygote which marks the beginning of the embryo in vivo remains
open. What is more, the unified term for designation of this microspore is
not produced up to present. The terms "embryogenic microspore",
"androgenic microspore", "sporophytic microspore" are suggested. On our
m in d , th e te rm "m o rp ho ge n ic m ic ro spo re " is the most co rrec t
embryologically. The present communication deals with an ultrastructural
analysis of developing morphogenic microspore o f the spring wheat var.
Sonalika and comparison of the data with the analogous characteristics of
the zygote of the same object. On the base of obtained data it would be
wrong to conclude that morphogenic microspore possesses the meristematic
features which are common with zygote. There are: the nucleus is situated
in cellular center, it is large, round or feebly bladed; the nucleolus diameter
comes to half or more of the nucleus diameter; free ribosomes are large;
endoplasmic reticulum is developed feebly; dictiosomes of specific structure
(slight polarization, thin outlines of membranes bordered cisterns, monotony
o f vesicular elements and its small sizes) are distinctive; mitochondria with
feebly developed system of crists also with existence of enormous zones
vacant from crists are noted. Thus, the similarity of ultrastructural characters
of morphogenic microspore and zygote make it possible to support the opinion
ofT. B. Batygina (1987) about universal structure of initial cells which mark
the beginning of the new organisms-regardless of the system of reproduction.
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