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TO T IPO T EN C Y AND M O R PH O G EN E SIS O F PLANT C E L L S IN V IT R O
CYTOLOGICALANDHISTOLOGICALANALYSISOFWHEAT
ANDROGENICCALLUSWITH DIFFERENT ABILITYTO
MORPHOGENESIS
N.N.Kruglova, S.N.Abramov, T.M.Zolotova, P.A.Kukso, 0 .V.Nasatovich
Z.R.Valiullina
Institute o fBiology, Ufa, Sci.Centre,Russian Acad.Sci. 450054 Russia,
Ufa, pr. Octyabrya, 69
Two types of the androgenic calluses in the wheat (var. Sonalika) anther
culture in vitro were obtained. First type is friable, watery consistency, yellow
color, slowly growing, nonmorphogenic. Second type is compact, granular,
white colour, rapidly growing, morphogenic. The cytological and histological
analysis has been carried out with application of the light microscopy methods
(LM: microtome preparations and temporary preparations alter the maceration
of the objects) and the scanning electron microscopy (SEM). It has been
demonstrated that the nonmorphogenic callus consists of the big cells of
the parenchyma with well visible wall, strong vacuolated cytoplasm and
condensed nucleus. The growth of the callus is due to the strain o f the cells
lengthwise. The small meristem areas form within the callus; they are
surrounded with parenchyma cells on the all sides. The divisions in the
meristem cells have been observed extremely rarely. By the SEM it has
been showed with the SEM-method that the surface of the such callus
presents friable fibers. The morphogenic callus cells characterize the presence
o f considerable morphological heterogeneous. The cells differ in size (big,
small and the cells of middle size), degree of the vacuolization, form (round,
oval, stretch, isodiametrical, indeterminate form), number of nuclei (one-
two-nuclear), degree of painting by dye-stuff. However, surface of the
morphogenic callus consists o f mainly the meristematic cells. Often within
the such callus the tracheids form.
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