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TO T IPO T EN C Y AND M O R PH O G E N E SIS O F PLANT C E L L S
IN V IT R O
DEVELOPMENTOF INTERSPECIFIC HYBRIDSOFWHEAT IN
EMBRYOCUITURE
K.K.Kozhakhmetov,A.R.Iskakov, B.Sh.Alimgazinova
Kazakh Institute o f Agriculture, Almalybak, Almaty region
One o f the perspective methods
in vitro
culture fo r breeding is
embryoculture, on the basis of which it is possible to develop remote hybrids
of wheat. For experiments it were used 7 varieties of winter, spring bred and
hard wheat and T. timopheevii, T. zhukovski и T. dicoccum. We carried out
the explantation of hybrid embryos on the media MS in 12-18 days after
pollination.
On the nutrient media it was observed as the embryo growth with seedling
formation as ell as calli formation. The frequency of calli formation fluctu
ated from 25,6% to 85.1%, seedling formation - 4,6-54,7%.
The high formation of regenerated plants was in Komsomolskaya 1 x
T .d icoccum (17 plants), Kazakstanskaya 10 x T .tim opheev ii (9),
Kazakhstanskaya rannespelaya x T.dicoccum (11), Steklovidnaya 24 x
T.dicoccum (9). In all combination of crossing it were created 108 regenerated
plants, which were analyzed in the following generation.
In F 2T.aestivum (Kazakhstanskaya 10, Kazakhstanskaya rannespelaya,
Kazakhstanskaya 15,17) with T.timopheevii it were cultivated 370 plants.
315 plants were phenotypicaly normal, others died because of hybrid
necroses in the heading stage. In crossing combination of hard wheat varieties
(Nauryz 1,2, Almaz) with T. timopheevii 263 plants were developed in second
generation.
As results of recombination of initial traits it was happened the
segregation all phenotypes. It were developed the forms which are similar
parental, intermediate, appeared new forms. In the combination with bread
wheat p re va iled p lants common wheat type. In the comb ina tion
Kazakhstanskaya 10 x T. timopheevii 54 plants of 95 analyzed plants had
common wheat type, 20 plants - spelt type, 21 - intermediate.
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