112 / 592
TO T IPO T EN C Y AND M O R PH O G EN E SIS O F PLANT C E L L S
IN V IT R O
MORPHOGENESISIN SPRINGBARLEY CALLUSCULTURES
P.V.Kovalenko*, T.N.Ovsyuk, S.A.Ignatova
Plant breeding andgenetics institute o f UAAS, Odessa, 270036;
*Surface chemistry institute ofNASU, Kiev, 252028
In practical breeding increased use of biotechnology methods is
displayed. Several researchers proposed reasonably effective systems of
calli initiation and barley cultures growth and regeneration plants from them
fo r separate spring barley genotypes. However, for breeding spring barley
southern steppe ecotype these techniques appeared to be of a little effect.
Therefore, an attempt to create a technology of reception of regenerants
from somatic tissues of various spring barley genotypes of breeding direction
are actual.
Our research has allowed to induce morphogenesis with high frequency
in 18 hybrid genotypes. Optimum variants o f nutritional medium for main
stages of morphogenesis in cultures initiated from immature embryos have
been revealed. For induction medium we used MS with the addition of 2,4-D
16 mg/l or24 mg/l of 2,4-D with 0,1 mg/l ABA. Such 2,4-D concentration (up
to 24 mg/l) increased frequency of calli induction up to 84,6-93,8%. Calli
were induced in al l 8 genotypes. Initiated calli were cultured in MS medium
supplemented with 8 mg/l of 2,4-D, 1 mg/l chlorphenoxiacetic acid, 0,5 mg/
I zeatin, that permitted to receive 28,8-87,5% of morphogenic calli for all
samples. For regeneration we used MS salts in a half strength with addition
of kinetin (1 mg/l), proline (200 mg/l), glutamine (200 mg/l).
The optimum size of explant was 1,25-2,0 mm (10 -16 days after
pollination).
As a rule, regenerants were obtained from light compact or structured
calli. Regeneration was received in 16 genotypes. The frequency o f plant
regeneration in 18 genotypes was 8,13-51,27%, and percentage of received
regenerants per explant was 9,84-34,88%.
Four genotypes with high morphogenic ability were revealed.
Thus, our technology permits to receive 11-22 morphogenic structure
per one explant initiating 5-6 plants. 267 plants (53,7% of regenerants planted
in the soil) were received.
112
Научная электронная библиотека ЦНСХБ