ЭлБиб

дуктивных показателей и численности поголовья крупного рогатого скота в целом

и по породам, что позволит определить состояние молочного скота и разработать

мероприятия по совершенствованию популяций.

Summary

The object of the research is the number of cows and their productivity in the

Vologda region and in the North-West Federal District. Raw milk production is a key

branch of activity for 315 agricultural organizations in the North-West Federal District,

including 115 farms in the Vologda region. Over the last five years the number of

organizations in the North-West Federal District, involved in breeding of black-and-

white cattle, decreased by 70 and totaled 177, concerning ayrshire breed – decreased

by 27 and totaled 64. In the Vologda region one can observe a decrease by 28 for the

black-and-white cattle farms and by 3 for the ayrshire breed farms. There is a tendency

of reduction in the total number of cows in the North-West Federal District by 15.57

thousand animals, in the Vologda region – by 7.34 thousand animals. The same situation

marks a breed aspect. From 2010 to 2014 the number of black-and-white cattle reduced

by 18.13 thousand animals in the North-West Federal District and by 3.11 tousand

animals in the Vologda region; the ayrshire cattle – by 2.57 animals in the North-West

Federal District and by 0.12 tousand in the Vologda region, respectively. Over the last

five years the average productivity of cows in the North-West Federal District increased

by 873 kg and totaled 6 774 kg, in the Vologda region – by 848 kg and totaled 6 192

kg of milk. Similar dynamics is observed in the milk productivity of black-and-white

breed – an increase by 759 kg (7 068 kg in total), ayrshire breed – an increase by 731

kg (6 065 kg in total) in the North-West Federal District; concerning the Vologda region:

black-and-white breed – an increase by 914 kg (6 574 kg in total), ayrshire breed – an

increase by 417 kg of milk (5 596 kg in total), respectively. Therefore, it is necessary

to conduct the annual monitoring of productivity indices and the number of cattle in

general and among separate breeds. It will help to determine the dairy cattle condition

and develop the measures aimed at the improvement of populations.

Молочнохозяйственный вестник, №1 (21), I кв. 2016

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РЕФЕРАТЫ

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