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ЛУГОВЕДЕНИЕ И ЛУГОВОДСТВО 8
ͪКормопроизводствоͫ № 12, 2014
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KIZLYAR PASTURES OF THE CASPIAN REGION: CLIMATE, SOIL QUALITY, PRODUCTIVITY
G. N. Gasanov, Dr. Agr. Sc.1
T. A. Asvarova, PhD Biol. Sc.2
K. M. Gadzhiev, PhD Agr. Sc. 2
Z. N. Akhmedova2
A. S. Abdullaeva2
R. R. Bashirov 2
1Dagestan State University
367025, Russia, Makhachkala, Dakhadaeva str., 21
2Caspian Institute of Biological Resources, Dagestan Scientific Center, RAS
367025, Russia, Makhachkala, M. Gadjiyeva str., 45
E-mail:
Kizlyar pastures are the Dagestan center of free-rage animal farming, characterized with light-chestnut and mead-
ow chestnut soils of mainly coarse texture, e. g. sandy loams. Together with severe climate and irraƟonal graz-
ing, it leads to soil deflaƟon and degradaƟon of vegetaƟon. Therefore the local Kizlyar pastures’ producƟvity was
low in the recent years, varying from 0.1–0.3 to 0.7–0.8 tons ha-1 DM. Yet the producƟvity data may be underesƟ-
mated if the study was conducted during intensive grazing. The potenƟal producƟvity of Kizlyar pastures was now
assessed in reservaƟon condiƟons during climaƟcally different periods. The experiment was conducted in 2011–
2013 in Kochubeyskaya Biosphere Research StaƟon (KBRS) of the Caspian InsƟtute of Biological Resources, Dages-
tan ScienƟfic Center, RAS. Each year studies included calculaƟng the evaporaƟon and precipitaƟon indices, pre-
cipitaƟon and aridness integrals; chemical and physical soil ferƟlity properƟes were described; monthly trends of
the phytocenoses’ DM accumulaƟon and seasonal dynamics of their florisƟc composiƟon were shown. The con-
necƟons between various environmental factors and phytomass producƟvity for both types of soils are reflect-
ed as equaƟons of mulƟple regression (separately for ephemeral synusia, and forbs and saltworts). In typical
weather condiƟons ephemera and ephemeroids on light-brown soils yielded 0.90 tons ha-1, grasses and thistles —
0.20 tons ha-1; on the meadow chestnut soils their producƟvity reached 3.63 and 1.82 tons ha-1 respecƟvely.
Keywords: light-brown soil, meadow chestnut soil, salt forming ions, aridness integral, precipitaƟon integral, phy-
tocenosis producƟvity, phytocenosis florisƟc composiƟon, precipitaƟon raƟo.
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