ЭлБиб

15 / 52

ЛУГОВЕДЕНИЕ И ЛУГОВОДСТВО
ͪКормопроизводствоͫ № 12, 2014
13
5. Доспехов Б. А. Методика полевого опыта / Б. А. Доспехов. —М., 1973. — 336 с.
6. Красная книга РСФСР. Растения. — Росагропромиздат, 1988. — 591 с.
7. Корчагин А. А. Полевая геоботаника / А. А. Корчагин. —М.–Л.,1964. — Том III. — 530 с.
8. Ларин И. В. Кормовые растения сенокосов и пастбищ СССР / И. В. Ларин. —М.–Л., 1950. — Том I. — 688 с.
9. Работнов Т. А. К методике наблюдения над травянистыми растениями на постоянных площадках / Т. А. Работнов // Ботани-
ческий журнал. — Л., 1964. — Том 36. —№ 6. — С. 47–50.
10. Шалыт М. С. Методика изучения морфологии и экологии подземной части отдельных растений и растительных сооб-
ществ / М. С. Шалыт // Полевая геоботаника. —М.–Л., 1960. — Том II. — С.369–489.
References
1. Grossgeym A. A. Opredelitel rasteniy Kavkaza / A. A. Grossgeym. — Leningrad., 1948. — P. 189.
2. Dzybov D. S. Zonalnye i vtorichnye borodachevye stepi Stavropolya: monografiya / D. S. Dzybov, N. G. Lapenko. — Stavropol,
2003. — 236 p.
3. Dzybov D. S. Agrostepi: monografiya / D. S. Dzybov. — Stavropol, 2010. — 256 p.
4. Dzybov D. S. Metod agrostepey. Uskorennoe vosstanovlenie prirodnoy rastitelnosti: metodicheskoe posobie / D. S. Dzybov. —
Saratov, 2001. — 40 p.
5. Dospekhov B. A. Metodika polevogo opyta / B. A. Dospekhov. —Moscow, 1973. — 336 p.
6. Krasnaya kniga RSFSR. Rasteniya. — Rosagropromizdat, 1988. — 591 p.
7. Korchagin A. A. Polevaya geobotanika / A. A. Korchagin. —Moscow –Leningrad, 1964. —Vol. III. — 530 p.
8. Larin I. V. Kormovye rasteniya senokosov i pastbishch SSSR / I. V. Larin. —Moscow–Leningrad, 1950. —Vol. I. — 688 p.
9. Rabotnov T. A. K metodike nablyudeniya nad travyanistymi rasteniyami na postoyannykh ploshchadkakh / T. A. Rabotnov //
Botanicheskiy zhurnal. — Leningrad, 1964. —Vol. 36. — No 6. — Pp. 47–50.
10. Shalyt M. S. Metodika izucheniya morfologii i ekologii podzemnoy chasti otdelnykh rasteniy i rastitelnykh soob-
shchestv / M. S. Shalyt // Polevaya geobotanika. —Moscow–Leningrad, 1960. —Vol. II. — Pp. 369–489.
PROS AND CONS OF ANDROPOGON PASTURES
D. S. Dzybov*, Dr. Biol. Sc.
N. G. Lapenko**, PhD Biol. Sc.
* Stavropol Agricultural Information and Advice Centre
355035, Russia, Stavropol, Mira str., 337.
E-mail:
** Stavropol Agricultural Research Institute
356241, Russia, the Stavropol Region, Mikhailovsk, Nikonova str., 49.
E-mail:
Secondary bluestem (andropogon) steppes are the result of changes in the primary virgin zonal lands under the
influence of caƩle herds, sheep flocks and horse droves. Such a steppe type covers millions of hectares in south-
ern Russia, Eastern Siberia, Kazakhstan, Mongolia, China, Central Asia, and other countries. The features of an-
dropogon pastures are determined by the properƟes of the dominant grass species, which gave the name to this
phytocoenosis. Andropogon (Bothriochloa ischaemum) is a perennial grass with a densely interwoven rhizome. It
is an efficient fixer for the slopes; it is resists soil erosion processes and rather low soil ferƟlity. Averages of andro-
pogon phytocoenoses biodiversity differ significantly. The number of species per 100 m² varied from 33 to 45, in-
cluding 20–25 % of gramineous ones, 5–11 % of legumes, 69–71 % of forbs, 7–30 % of annuals, 6–9 % of biennials,
61–85 % of perennials. Original zonal vegetaƟon types are oŌen present in the andropogon pastures. They are:
Agropyron pecƟniforme, Festuca valesiaca, Koeleria cristata, SƟpa pulcherrima, SƟpa lessingiana. The percentage
of the dominant species approximated 67 % (45–82 %). Andropogon steppe is an important source of forage in au-
tumn and winter; its insurant significance is very high. Cons of bandropogon pastures are: late start of vegetaƟon
growing (mid–late June), short period of acƟve vegetaƟon (30–35 days), low calorific value of the grasses, which
makes animals move in search of soŌer ones. One of important negaƟve characterisƟcs is slowdown, almost to
a full stop, of self-healing processes of primary type steppe with a predominance of valuable sod grasses and le-
gumes. If the terrain is suitable for Ɵllage, it is possible to revive the primary zonal steppe with dominaƟon of the
following species: Agropyron desertorum, Agropyron pecƟnatum, Koeleria cristata, SƟpa pulcherrima, SƟpa lessin-
giana, Bromopsis inermis, Bromopsis riparia, Festuca valesiaca, Festuca rupicola, Medicago romanica, Lotus cau-
casicus, Onobrychis arenaria, Poterium polygamum and some pinnate spear-grasses. To achieve this, the “agricul-
tural steppe” method should be applied.
Keywords: biodiversity, andropogon steppe, zonal steppe, phytocoenosis, ecology, ecosystem.
Электронная Научная СельскоХозяйственная Библиотека