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with maintenance of all limitations shows diagram
below (Fig. 1).
Fig. 1. Choice of solutions.
Set V is a common part of sets K, R, S and E, fulfilling
all limitations, was:
K - set of cow sheds fulfilling limitation I,
R - set of cow sheds fulfilling limitation II
S - set of cow sheds fulfilling limitation III,
E - set of cow sheds fulfilling limitation IV.
RESULTS
There were twelve cow shed chosen fulfilling
preliminary criteria. The object tested was described
in the scope of technological-architectural solutions
with including ways of mechanisation of treatments:
milking and milk cooling, preparing of feed and
feeding, natural manure removing and storaging.
There were decision-making technical, technological,
quality and economic variables identified. Table
1 shows common characterization of cow shed
tested, unitary investment’s costs, unitary electric
and mechanic energy inputs. The farms studied are
a kind of individual farms. The area of agricultural
land was from 34 ha to 802 ha. The cow sheds were
built in the last ten years. There were four cubical,
littered, four cubical non- littered, four deep litter cow
sheds researched. They had high, at least 5th level of
mechanization and average annual milk yield of herd
from 6200 to 9600 litres.
Milking was in milking parlors, herring-bone 2x4
(4 cow sheds), 2x5 (5 cow sheds), one 2x6 milking
parlor, one tandem 2x4 milking parlor and in two cow
sheds – by automatic system. The power of milking
pump were 0,55 kW. Milk tanks had capacities from
1600 litres to 10 000 litres and their power was from
1,25kW to 6 kW.
Roughage mixed with concentrates was fed by
feed mixer with the capacities from 7 to 20 m3. They
worked with tractors from 52 HP to 160 HP together.
In two cow sheds forage was fed directly by tractor
and loader. The loader cooperating with tractors in
ten cows sheds and in two self –going loaders with the
power from 60 HP to 100 HP were used for loading
of forage on feed mixer. In two robotized cow sheds
forage on the feeding table was pushed by feed pusher,
a kind of robot which can drive and push the forage in
the direction of feeding corridor.
Natural manure from deep litter system was
removed by loaders and tractors. In three cubicle cow
sheds with litter manure was removed by manure
scraper with total power (longitudinal and cross
scraper) from 4 kW (2 cow sheds) to 4,5 kW directly
on the manure plate. In one cubical, littered cow shed,
manure was removed by shovel installed on the tractor
with 52 HP. Slurry from four non-littered cow sheds
was storaged in deep channels under slatted floor and
periodically applicated on fields. In addition, in two of
them, there were robots for cleaning of slatted floors.
The buildings tested were as one-room spaced or
pyloned construction.The ventilationwas gravitational
with the outlet of air by roof ridge gap. The detailed
characteristic of cow sheds, types of mechanization of
treatments and technical, technological, economical
andqualityvariables obtainedwas showed in the table1.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS
The highest unitary investment costs of technical
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