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functional-technological elements;
- definition of evaluation model of technologi-
cal – functional solutions in order to describe most
advantageous solutions;
- choice of most advantageous solutions according
to designed limitations;
- design of modules of technological-functional
solutions of cow sheds for dairy cows.
Utilitarian aim. The elaborated 8 functional-
technological modules were done in Autodesk
Architectural Desktop – computer program. They
couldbe usedby designoffices and investors specialised
in breeding of dairy cows.
Detailed scope of research included:
- technical elements characterizing buil-
dings tested;
- technological elements such as labor
inputs, dimensions of resting and feeding area,
manure corridors;
- mechanization’s level of cowsheds;
- energetic inputs on technological treatments
in milk production;
- calculation of investments and exploitation
costs of buildings, equipment and machines;
- microclimate parameters;
- evaluation of objects tested and choice of most
advantageous with taking account of limitations;
- design of modules of technological – functional
solutions of cow sheds for dairy cows.
MATERIALS and METHODS
The thesis included 12 cowsheds with loose
housing system with and without litter. The number
of cows was in the range from 39 LU to 170 LU. All
cowsheds had at least 4
th
level of mechanisation,
annual average milk yield of cows was above 6200 l of
milk with extra class.
Complex research of objects based on method
described below:
- choice of objects to research
(Stage I)
- elaboration of identification cards of objects
researched
(Stage II)
- synthetic description of housing system of
animals
(Stage III)
- identification of elements characterising the
objects researched in the scope of main treatments in
milk production
(Stage IV)
including:
a) definition of decision - making technical
variables characterizing object tested
Set A
={x
1
, x
2
, .... x
n-1
, x
n
} - technical variables such as
dimensions of main technical elements such as resting
area, feeding area, capacity of slurry channels etc.)
b) definition of decision - making technological
variables
Set B
= {y
1
, y
2
, ..., y
n-1
, y
n
} -
technological variables
such as: labour inputs, mechanical and electrical
energy inputs
c) definition of decision - making quality
variables
Set C
={w
1
, w
2
,... w
n
} -
quality variables
(microclimate: temperature and relative humidity
of air, concentrations of ammonia and carbon
dioxide, wind speed, brightness) in the scope of main
production treatments: I, II, III, IV
d) definition of decision - making
economical
variables
Set D
= {z
1
, z
2
,... z
n
} - economic variables
such as: costs of building, insurance, costs of electrical
and mechanical energy
- evaluation of the objects tested (
StageV
)
- model of multicriterial evaluation (
Stage VI
)
Model of multicriterial evaluation:
The final evaluation was made on the basis of
following target function- exploitation function (1):
(1)
where: ke – unitary exploitation costs [PLN∙year
-1
LU
-1
];
Km – cost of maintenance, Ku- costs of use;
N – number of LU.
Limitations to the choice of the best solution were the
criteria to the final function as follows:
I Terminal investment’s inputs
k
invest
≤ k
limit. invest.
II Permissible labour inputs on 4 technological
treatments
n
labour.
≤ n
limit. labour
III Permissible concentrations of harmful gases
(CO
2
and NH
3
)
S
CO2
≤ S
limit. CO2
S
NH3
≤ S
limit.NH3
IV Terminal energy inputs (both electrical and
mechanical)
e ≤e
limit.
[kWh• LU
-1
, HP•LU
-1
]
All solutions were set in order of exploitations costs
straining to minimum. The way of choice the solutions
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