ЭлБиб

ТОТ1 P O T E N C Y A N D M O R P H O G E N E S IS OF P L A N T C E L L S

IN V IT R O

EMBRYOIDOGENESISOFSUGARBEET(

BETA VULGARIS L..)

T.P.Zhuzhzhalova, N.M.Bogomolova

The

All-RussianResearch

Institute

ofSugar

Beet

&Sugar

(VNIISS),

Ramon,

Voronezh

region

Any action, induced by

in vitro

culture, affecting a sugar beet plant, is

connected with morphogenesis process, closely and in a complicated

manner. It was noticed, that, when cultivating leaf petioles of young sugar

beet shoots, somatic embryoids formation occurred. Microscope analysis

showed, that early stages of embryoid development are similar to phases of

zygotic embryo development. D irect somatic embryoidogenesis is

accompanied by formation of one orseveral initial cells, in epidermal layer of

a petiole, that are similarto cells of embryo sac and characterised by dense

cytoplasm and large nucleus and nucleolus. The initial cell increases in

size, divides to form suspensor, and forms first a spherical and then cordate

multicellular structure, resembling a zygotic embryo. Suspensor consists

of 1-2 layers of cells and is poorly developed, usually, that seems to be

conditioned by weakening of its function due to nutrients being received by

cells directly from the cultural medium. The successive division of the

embryoid is resulted in formation of cotyledons, shoot bud, and, finally, in

transformation a plant.

When proceeding with the culture further, the process of embryoid

formation doesn’t stop. The initial cells are formed again in epidermis of the

obtained adventitious shoots. It results in a cluster of embryoids at different

stages of development, as well as many regenerants, having developed from

them.

The results obtained evidence, that morphogenetical potential,

characteristic to sugar beet plants, seems to be specific and present in sex

as well as somatic cells.

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