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TO T IPO T EN CY AND M O R PH O G EN E SIS O P PLANT C E L L S IN V IT R O
OBTAININGANDCHARACTERIZATIONOFLONG-TERM,FRIABLE,
HIGHLYEMBRYOGENICTISSUESOFBARLEY
N.K.Bishimbaeva, L.R .Rahimbaev
Institute o fplantphisiology, genetics and bioingeneering, Kazakhstan,480090
Almaty,Timiryazev str.,45 E-Mail: .
Long-term , intensively growing highly embryogenic (FE) ca lli were
produced from compact, hard morphogenic tissues (CE), subcultivated on
the medium with high concentration o f 2,4-D (4,0-7,0 mg/i).
It was shown, that embryogenic potential and morphology o f FE-calli
depended from level of 2,4-D in the medium. The most optimal concentration
fo r simultaneous proceeding o f processes o f intensive growth, initiation and
differentiation o f embryoids was 4,0 mg/l 2,4-D. Transplantation o f FE- calli
on medium w ith lower doze o f 2,4-D (7,0-4,0-2,0) lead to deepening of
differentiation o f somatic embryos. Decreasing o f concentration o f 2,4-D up
to 2,0 mg/l resulted in hydration o f ca lli and reducing o f new embryos
induction. In another hand an increase o f the level o f 2,4-D (2,0-4,0-7,0) in
the medium stimulated the process o f initiation o f cells to embryoidogenesis.
Cytokinines effect on necrotization o f FE -calli.
The study of tissues using light and scanning electron m icroscopy
revealed peculiarities of structure of compact, friable and intermediate tissues.
It was shown, that in the CE-calli most o f embryos w ith single cellular origin
stopped the ir development on the stage o f a few cells; only structures o f
m ulticellular origin underwent a further development. In the FE-calli somatic
embryos o f single cellular origin have an advantage fo r development.
New types o f cells and cell populations and marker signs o f FE -calli
was found out. It was established, that the level o f 2,4-D -decisive facto r of
the induction and supporting o f a competence o f cells, and o f the initiation of
competent cells to the embryoidogenesis. Possibility o f the regulation of
embryogenic potential of FE-calli using o f manipulations with level o f 2,4-D
was shown.
Therefore, intensively growing friable embryogenic tissues are the unique
model system fo r study of cell and molecular mechanisms of the realization
o f cereals cells totipotency. Investigations in this way w ill be continued with
tissue culture o f barley, wheat and other cereals.
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