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TO T IPO T EN CY AND M O R PH O G EN E SIS OF PLANT C E L L S IN V IT R O
MORPHOGENESISANDPLANTREGENERATIONINBARLEYAND
WHEATMICROSPORES CULTUREIN VITRO
B.B.Anapiaev,K.M.Iskakova *, I.R.Rachimbaev.
institute Plant Physiology, Genetics and Bioengineering MS-AS RK,
Almaty,480090, Timirijasev str.45. E-Mail: *Almaty,
480090, Timirijasev sir. 46, Kazakh State University
A t present tim e one o f the factors lim ited mass introduction o f modem
biotechnological methods in practical selection are d ifficu lty and low ability
fo r regeneration. The resuits o f investigations o fthe process o f morphogenesis
and plant regeneration in barley and wheat m icrospores culture in vitro are
brought in our work. It was investigated the ways o f m icrospores division in
vitro and it was determ ined the most optim ical development microspores
way is Bl where takes place equal division o f cells vegetative type. Further
development o f multicell complex goes by two main ways: form ing of callus
(callusogenesis) or proembryo (primary embryoidogenesis). By first case
the regeneration process is longer and it is d ifficu lt process. It is connected
w ith morphogenetic pecularities o f received calluses. The process of
regeneration from morphogenic calluses observed as the results of
organogenesis (gemmogenesis, gemm irizogenesis) and secondary
embryoidogenesis. Most rapid and effective forgetting o f regenerated plants
is the process o f embryoform ing d irectly from m ulticell complexes (direct
embryoidogenesis). The forming of embryoids and plant regeneration observed
on 3 week a fte rthe beginning o f cultivation of microspores. The morphogenic
calluses are obtained by passage o f embryoids on medium fo r callusogenesis,
if the frequent passage o f these callus tissues stames are obtained that
able to regenerate plants fo r long time. As the result o f experimental work is
reproduce model system o f isolated anthers and m icrospores o f wheat and
barley. D ihaploid lines are observed from different perspective hybrids o f
summ er wheat o f Kazakstan selection, these lines used in selection
programmes. Crop capacity, grain technological quality, genetic stability,
spectrum o f proteins (gliadins, glutelin) and other econom ical valuable
significants were studied by androcline dihaploid lines. Among these lines
are discovered types those crop capacity and technological characterists of
grain considerable excel the control sortes.
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