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TO T IPO T EN C Y AND M O R PH O G EN E SIS O F PLANT C E L L S IN V IT R O
ULTRASTRUCTURALSTATUSOFWHEATANTHERLOCULUSWALL
CELLSON EARLYSTAGESOF CULTURE IN VITRO
S.N.Abramov, N.N.Kruglova, P.A.Kukso
Institute o fBiology, Ufa Sci. Center, Russian Acad. Sci. 450054 Russia, Ufa, pr.
Octyabrya,
The comparative ultrastructural analysis of the anther loculus wall cells
o f the spring wheat var. Sonalika has been performed at the moment of
inoculation o f anthers into the media and after 12 h of the culture. A t the
start moment of the culture the state o f layers of the anther loculus wall is
following. The cells of tapetum and middle layer involve in the process of
degeneration. The formation of the fibrous thickenings has been mentioned
to begin in walls of the endothecium cells, but themselves o f the cells do not
degenerate. A fter 12 h of the culture the cells of all layers of the wall have
degenerated already, but the process of the degeneration has gone on
irregularly both in the different layers of the anther loculus wall and in the
cells of the same layer. Absolute majority o f tapetal cells has presented
only by sporopollenin membrane with orbicules, but it has been observed
that the cells of tapetum kept strongly dense cytoplasm. The all cells of
middle layer are lengthy and compact. The presence of two types degenerated
cells of endothecium has been noted. The cells of the first type contain a
great variety of plastids with strongly developed thylakoid system, but relative
volume of starch in plastids is not large; cytoplasm is electron-light. The
round nuclei lie on a periphery of the cells and have well formed nucleoli.
Autolysis has been observed in the cells. Among the such cells of
endothecium locally has been founded the cells of the second type. Their
large nuclei have been characterized by irregular form, the presence of nucleoli
and separate chromatin droplets. In plastids of these cells the starch grains
arc more than in cells of the first type.
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