ЭлБиб

PLANT CELL, ORGAN, AND TISSUE COLLECTIONS, THE METHODS OF

GERMPLASM PRESERVATION___________

BIOTECHNOLOGYANDPRESERVATIONOFTHEWORLDPOTATO

GENEPOOL

E.V.Truskinov

All-Russia Plant Industry N.I. Vavilov Institute, 190000, B.Morskaya 42, S.-Petersburg,

E-mail:

vir@glasnet.ru

The Institute has a richest world potato collection. It comprises over

2000 v arities o f native and foreign selection and about 7000 specimens of

cultured, primitive and wild species collected from their genecenters of origin.

Since 1972 we have freed about 800 potato specimens from virus and

othe r infections by a meristem tissue culture method. A part o f them was

freed using thermo- and chemotherapy method. Since early eighties we

have been creating a collection o f healthy potato

in vitro.

A t present it has

about 200 specimens. The main factor of the prolongation the storage life of

the potato collection

in vitro

is formation of microtubers. They can be preserved

in a refrigerator at 2-5 °C fo r over 2 years.

Different regeneration ability of the specimens after the isolation of apical

meristems plays the most important role in cultivation o f the potato

in vitro

and elimination of viruses. The v arities Amaryl, Cobra, Corine, Miranda, Taiga,

dihaploid Ewerest, specimens of

Solanum tuberosum ssp. chiloense

(K-

6056 ), S.

phureja

(K -15877), S.

ryb in ii

(K -12703) showed the best

regeneration ability. The varities Adretta, Atica, Corine, Rector, Scutella

showed the greatest effect in elim ination of viruses. D ifferent botanic and

selected groups of the potato collection have no difference in regeneration

and elim ination o f viruses, whereas the wild species o f potato showed a

markedly higher effect for becoming healthier.

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