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PLANT CELL, O R G A N , A N D T IS S U E C O L L E C T IO N S , T H E M E T H O D S O F
G E R M P L A S M P R E S E R V A T IO N
CONSERVATIONOFBIOLOGICALDIVERSITYOFPLANTSINTHE
COLLECTIONOFCELLCULTURES
V.B.Belokurova,Y.Y.Szikura, P.D.Maistrov,N.V.Kuchuk
Institute ofceil biology and genetic engineering NationalAcademy o fSciences o f Ukraine,
Zabolotnogostr., 148, Kiev, DSP-22,252650,
In the Institute o f Cell Biology and Genetic Engineering research work
"Creation o f germplasm bank of species of Ukrainian and world flora fo r
biotechnological studies" is carried out aimed at the application o f in vitro
cell and tissue culture fo r conservation o f biological diversity o f plants. A t
present the collection o f cell cultures o f the Institute containes 1280 species
of plants - representatives both o f Ukrainian and of the world flora (in particular,
flora o f Africa and South America) belonging to 757 genera and 105 families.
The collection exists as in vitro culture o f plants as well as o f callus tissues
and it is being constantly supplemented with new species.The most numerous
representatives o f the collection are such plant fam ilies as Compositae (184
species), Ficoidaceae (60 species), Gramineae (40 species), Labiatae (65
species), Uliaceae (50 species), Papaveraceae (49 species), Polygonaceae
(32 species), Ranunculaceae (33 species), Rosaceae (48 species),
Scrophulariaceae (27 species), Solanaceae (41 species), Umbelliferae (24
species).
The initial material fo r starting in vitro culture are mainly plant seeds
which are gained in the course of scientific expeditions to different regions of
the globe or obtained from botanical gardens. The work carried out for creation
and maintaining the collection includes such aspects o f investigations as
stimulation o f seed germ ination in vitro ; selection o f the optimum culture
media fo r callus tissues o f different plant species; induction o f in vitro plant
re g e n e ra tio n o f d iffe re n t spec ies ; e la bo ra tio n o f m e thodo log y o f
crioconservation o f callus tissues. One o f the important directions o f the
work is screening o f callus tissues o f different plant species (including
medicinal ones) for pharmacologically valuable secondary methabolites.
Besides this the seed bank, scientific herbarium, collection of living
plants at Mukachevo experimental station and the computer data bank are
available in the Institute.
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