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S O M A C L O N A L V A R IA TIO N S OF P L A N T S A N D C U L T U R E D C E L L S

TISSUE SELECTION OF FRUITS

V.M.Tyulenev, N.V.Solovyh

Genetic and selectionfruits research institute, Michurinsk, Russia

The work of receiving stable to

Phytophthora cactorum (Leb. et Conn)

Schroet plants resulted in chosing apple and strawberry calluses, which

have the ability to grow in the medium with high contents of fungal cultural

filtrate o f this pathogen (> 20%). It is stated that with numerous passage in

selected and control mediums by turns, their resistance is preserved and

increased in comparison with the control calluses resistance. Adventitious

sprays have been received from callus strawberry Urozhainaya Central

Genetic Laboratory, transplanted 4 times in mediums with fungal cultural

filtrate of Phytophthora cactorum. Adventitious sprays have also been received

in selected mediums from leave segments of strawberry Urozhainaya Central

Genetic Laboratory. It has been proved that they have higher propagation in

mediums with cultural filtrate of pathogen in comparison with control variant.

W ith the aim o f receiving resistant to heat plant, apple calluses stable

to nutritious medium with 10

PEG have been chosen. There are clear

differences in varieties, more over calluses grow better from one replanting

to another, that means that they become adapted. The work o f chosing

definite facts for adventitious sprays induction is carried out.

Strawberry (R1 and R2) plants-regenerants received from callus tissues

analysis showed that somaclonal variability of reproductive organs affects

such features as berry quantity, their size, floral envelope colour. It has been

established that early ripe forms exist too. It proves that the problem of fruit

somaclonal variability for increasiny genetik variety should be investigated.

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