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S O M A C L O N A L V A R IA T IO N S OF P L A N T S AND C U LT U R E D C E L L S
SOMACLONALVARIATIONANDUS PERSPECTIVEFORUSEINBARLEY
BREEDING
A.R.Iskakov,N.V.Terletskaya
Kazakh Institute o fAgriculture. Almalybak, Almaty region,
E-Maii
in Kazakh Institute o f Agriculture it is carrying out the researches on
somaclonal variation since 1985. It was shown the genotypical depends of
callus induction and in vitro plant regeneration and variability of regenerated
piants for morphological and quantitative traits for the big experimental
materials. Electrophoresis of hordein of regenerated and initial plants shows
the genetical identity of studied material for protein markers.
Regenerated plants of barley in SP-1 were selected and the best lines
were used in barley breeding department. Thanks of selection treatment
were developed the range of important forms, 2 lines of which were studied
in KS I during 3 years. Line A-526 has high yield 6.8 t/ha on irrigated fields
(standards Odesskii 100 - 6.1 t/ha, Chernigovsky 5 - 4.9 t/ha). This line will
be given for State variety tasting commission.
It was studied the possibility of use of somaclonal variation for drought
tolerance breeding. The analysis of regenerated plants from different varieties
of spring barley was carry our on the roots according water regimes - the
general water maintenance and water keeping ability of leaves during heading
fazo. In our experiments the water maintenance and water keeping ability of
regenerated plants was then the average significance of initial plants, what
indicative of decreasing of drought tolerance. It is obvious for effective use of
somaclonal variation in breeding for drought tolerance it is necessary combine
o f stage of unorganized growth of cell culture with mutagenezis and cell
selection.
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