262 / 264
Молочнохозяйственный вестник, №4 (28), IV кв. 2017
262
РЕФЕРАТЫ
снижению производственных издержек, повышению качества молочной продукции
и ее цены, т.е. быть инновационными, а значит конкурентоспособными на рынке
молока.
Summary
The subject of the research is the analysis of modern trends in forming consumer
prices of milk and dairy products in Russia and in the Leningrad region.This study
uses empirical and statistical methods. The main reasons for the volatility of prices
for dairy products were disparity of prices for agricultural and industrial products, a
violation of the principle of fair distribution of value added and the monopoly position
of industrial milk processors. For three years (2014-2017) the purchase price of 1 kg
of milk for dairy plants in the Russian Federation increased by 3.7 rubles, the producer
price - by 14.4 rubles, the retail price - by 16 roubles. To determine the proportions in
the distribution of income in the whole production and commercial chain the share of
agricultural organizations, processing companies and retailers in the retail price of milk
has been calculated, constituting 45:37:18, respectively. The information on consumer
prices for milk and dairy products in St. Petersburg retail chain has been gathered. It
has been concluded that leveling the monopoly of industrial milk processors is achieved
through organizing milk processing directly in the agricultural organizations specializing
in milk production. The main problem of agricultural organizations producing milk is
selling the finished product, as due to the lack of their own marketing, they turn to
retailers. Selling through retail involves several problems: late payment for the product,
the purchase price of dairy products does not always allow to conduct the expanded
reproduction, the monopoly power of transnational companies PepsiCo and Danone,
as well as the policy of the Republic of Belarus, which is the Customs Union member,
supplying the Russian market with cheap dairy products. It is particularly difficult for
domestic producers to compete with their Belarusian counterparts, since the retail price
of 1 kg of Belarusian milk with 3.2% fat is 53.3 rubles., and the price of milk from
Leningrad farms is more than 73 rubles, with all the ensuing consequences for the
buyer’s demand. To smooth price distortions it is necessary to implement a system of
more active measures to reduce production costs, improve the quality of dairy products
and lower the price for them, i.e. to be innovative, and thus competitive on the milk
market.
Электронная Научная СельскоХозяйственная Библиотека