ЭлБиб

Аграрная наука Евро-Северо-Востока, № 6 (55), 2016 г.

Methodical approaches on creation of winter rye population varieties

for different goal directions

Utkina E.I.,

PhD in biology, head of department of winter rye,

Voylokov A.V.*,

DSc in biology, associated professor, head of laboratory,

Kedrova L.I.,

DSc in agriculture, leading researcher,

Chugunova N.V.,

researcher,

North-East Agricultural Research Institute, Kirov, Russia,

*Saint-Petersburs branch, Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences

The breeding scheme is designed for improvement and differentiation of short-stem rye population varieties for

obtaining progenies of different goal directions. The scheme includes testing and selection of inbred progenies originat-

ed from self-pollination of annually produced backcrosses.

The source of the self-fertility is a line of long-stem geno-

type carrying mutation of self-fertility marked with isozyme locus. The best in vegetative traits short-stem plants of the

initial population are involved in direct and back crosses. The selection is carried out among the inbred progenies con-

stant for the traits determining productivity, lodging and diseases resistance, and goal direction in successive genera-

tions of backcrosses. A cross pollination of pre-selected plants heterozygous on self-fertility is carried out at accumula-

tion of progenies having characteristics which meet requirements for selection of forming varieties. In the obtained

offspring self-incompatible plants are selected by marker. Cross-pollination of these offspring permits to get heterotic

sub-populations constant for short-stem, differentiated for quality, characterized by ecological plasticity and improved

performance of resistance and productivity. Simultaneously self-fertile analogs of open-pollinated sub-populations are

created in which concentration of genes responsible for selected traits is increased owing to selection as well as in ini-

tial sub-populations. These analogs could be used at repeated cycles of selection and as initial material for breeding of

hybrid varieties. For test of efficiency of the scheme the analysis of biochemical characters determining grain quality is

carried out in 122 inbred progenies produced on the basis of variety Snezhana. Seventeen genotypes are selected hav-

ing increased protein content, 20 - having highest starch content, 14 – having highest content of soluble pentosans

among all nursery, and 18 – having lowest content of soluble pentosans. The part of progenies combines the characters

meeting requirements of breeding for baking and forage.

Ke ywords

winter rye, breeding of open-pollinating varieties, grain quality, selection of inbred progenies,

isozyme marker

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