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H E A L T H Y P L A N T S A N D M IC R O P R O P A G A T IO N

SOMATICEMBRYOGENESISINEMBRYOCULTUREOFHAZELNUT

(

ORYLUSA VELLANA L.)

A.A.Yatsyna

ForestInstitute o fthe NationalAcademy o fSciences o fBelarus, Gomel

In woody plants the induction o f embryoid formation and the ir further

deve lopment have always been a problem. So far, the factors influencing

this process have not been revealed. The effect o f the varying medium

compositions on the formation of embryoids in variousaged immature emryos

o f hazelnut was studied.

It is established that the embryogenic potential o f the embryos is

considerably correlated with the the degree o f their maturity. The embryos

excised in July demonstrated the highest capacity fo r the direct somatic

embryogenesis. The harmonic composition o f the medium scarcely affected

this process. The formation o f embryoids was evident in both the media

containing auxins (2 ,4-D, NAA) and cytokinins (kinetin, BAP) and the media

supplemented w ith cytokinins alone. These structures were usually formed

in cotyledons in the form o f white solitary newgrowths, while clusters

composing dozens o f embryoids were less abundant at any stage o f the

development. The embryoid differed in the form of cotyledons. However, ja r

structures prevailed. Differentiation o f the embryoids up to the point o f

cotyledon formation occurred on the primary media during 30 days of culture.

A fter the embryoids had been transferred to the BAP-containing medium

(0.2 mg/L) on the hormonefree medium we observed theirfurther development

and the formation o f secondary embryoids in the cotyledons o f the primary

ones. Under these conditions in most o f the embryoids rhizogenesis was

observed, while epicotyl did not develop. Shoots elongated at a temperature

o f 4°C fo r four and more weeks.

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