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H E A L T H Y P L A N T S A N D M IC R O P R O P A G A T IO N
MICROCLONALPROPAGATIONOFVINE
A.O.Marchenko,M.A.Kostik
Institutefo r Vine and Wine "Magarach" 31, Kirov St., Yalta, 334200, UKRAINE, E-
Mail: "Ampelos", 24/14Mukhin St., Yalta, 334203,
UKRAINE
Commercial m icroclonal propagation o f vine is hampered by difficult
adaptation o f in vitro plants and high prime cost o f root ings obtained.
Approaches to improve efficiency of microclonal propagation were developed
based on ten cultivars and hybrid forms o f vine.
Microclonalpropagation. A method of in vitro vegetative propagation by
single-bud cuttings was employed using techniques allowing to grow up to
400 in vitro plants per 1 l o f nutrient medium, to obtain up to 20 nodes per
each in vitro plant, to produce plants with a good root system and resistance
to abrupt changes in hum idity and to conduct adaptation in several cycles.
Conditions for in vitro cultivation of plants during one year without transfers
to new media were determined to establish an in vitro collection o f valuable
cultivars and forms of vine.
Adaptation o f in vitro plants. Preadaptation was based on the method
o f adaptation in culture vessels developed by A.B.Burgutin (Inst.Plant
Physiol., Moscow). The second stage o f adaptation was in open canals on
ceolite under a plastic film , providing irrigation with a nutrient solution. 20
days later the plastic film was removed and the plants were grown in the
open. If planting fo r adaptation took place prior to mid-May, normal rootings
were obtained,with an average increase growth o f 3 m.
The technology developed eliminates the problem of plant survival (even
if 30%) during adaptation: based on 1,000 in vitro plants available in February,
fo u r adaptation cycles can be done prior to 1st June, yielding a total of
10,000 and more in vitro plants to be planted fo r adaptation; taking into
account losses o f 50% and varietal peculiarities, more than 400 adapted
plants can be produced during 8 months from each bud established in culture;
and rooting prime cost can be reduced to maximum 10% o f purchasing
price. The total efficiency o f the technology can be further improved by the
use o f efficient techniques o f microclonal propagation.
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