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C E L L CU LTU R E FO R PRODUCING PLANTS R E SISTA N T TO BIOTIC AND ABIOTIC

FACTORS

THE USE

IN VITRO

CULTURE FOROBTAINING DIGAPLOIDLINES OF

WHINTERCOMMONWHEATRESISTANT

FUSARIUM

GRAMINEA RUM

TOXINES

M.E.Bezdenezlmykh, G.I.Ivanov, R.O.Davoyan

Krasnodar Research Institute o fAgriculture350012, Krasnodar, Russia

The starting material in this experiment were 32 wheat combinations

F1, in which one of two parents is resistantto fusariose ( I genotypes group),

and 12 wheat lines, containing genetic material from

Triticum miguschovae

and

Agropiron glaucum

with complex resistance to two and more fungus

diseases ( II genotipes group).

Selection for resistance was conducted both at the stage o f callus

formation and at the stage of plant regeneration. For a selective agent we

used culture filtrate ( C F ), which was produced by filtering liquid Chapek

medium colonized by a pure culture of

F. graminearum.

Two types of a nutrient medium based on P-ll salts was used fo r callus

initiation: a reference medium without CF and an experimental one containing

subletal concentration o f CF. Regeneration media based on MS salts were

also represented by a referece medium which did not contain CF and an

experimental one with CF in a 10 % concentration. All the calli obtained on

the experimental medium P-ll were transferred to the reference regeneration

medium, while half o f the calli resulted from the experimental medium were

passed to the reference medium and another half to the experimental one.

Average frequency o f callus formation on the reference medium

amounted to 2,3 % (I group) and 5,01 % ( II g roup ); on the experimental

medium - 0,54 % and 4,32 % respec-tively. Thus, it was shown that the

forms containing genetic material from wild wheat rela-tives (translocations,

substituted chromosomes), possessed a higher capacity for callu-sogenesis.

In addition for some of the lines we observed the encreased frequency

of callusogene-sis on the experimental medium as compared with reference

medium. However, the nutrient medium containing CF almost completely

suppressed initiation o f microcalli (MC), while on the reference medium the

anthers of 42 out o f 44 wheat forms initiated considerable numbers o f MC, at

times up to 1 -1 ,5 thousand p e r250 anthers.

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