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TO T IPO T EN CY AND M O R PH O G EN E SIS O F PLANT C E L L S IN V IT R O
LIGHTANDPHYTOHORMONES FORTHE INDUCTION OF
MORPHOGENESIS INWEATEMBRYO TISSUE CULTURE
R.A.Karnachuk
TomskSlate University, Lenin st., Tomsk 63050, Russia
E-Mail:
Both the plant morphogenesis and the growth is under the light control.
The chromatic light absorbed by photoreceptors initiates the photoregulation
systems. Phytohormones are the important chain of these ones. (Karnachuk
e t al. 1990).
The role of thisfactorand endogenous phytohormones in morphogenesis
are displayed under the growing of immature wheat embryos (Triticum
aestivum L., cv. Tselinnaya lubileinaya ). Unmorphogenic callus (48%),
morphogenic callus (24%-etiolated shoots and roots) and rhizogenic callus
(28%-roots) was formed on the MS agar medium under the darkness
conditions. Unmorphogenic as well as morphogenic callus was discovered
under the white-light (WL), red-light (RL), green-light (GL) and blue-light (BL)
regimes. The shoots were appeared from morphogenic callus under the RL
and BL and shoots as well as roots were discovered under the WL and GL.
The W L facilitate the growth of morphogenic callus. The growth delay was
observed under the chromatic light (especially under the BL).
The growth of unmorphogenic callus was slightly depend on irradiance
conditions. The balance o f endogenous phytohormones was analyzed. It
was shown the significant decrease of IAA activity and IAA quantity in the
morphogenic callus under the darkness. IAA activity in the morphogenic
callus was not discovered under the RL. The morphogenesis under the BL
was coupled with the light IAA level. The free form of abscisic acid discovered
in explant was disappearing in callus tissue of the first subcultivation under
the darkness. The WL regime increased the level of this hormone in both
callus types. The morphogenic callus had the ratio IAA/ abscisic acid free
forms smallerthan unit under the WL. The growth delay of the morphogenic
callus was accompanied the increasing of this ratio under the GL and
especially underthe BL. The morphogenesis was accompanied the significant
increase of the zeatin and zeatin riboside quantity underthe all light regimes.
Also was shown the significant changes in the gibberellin level.
The received results shown significance of the form and kind
phytohormones ratio fo rthe induction of the morphogenesis in wheat embryo
tissue culture. Thus the chromatic light absorbed by photoreceptors regulates
the balance of the endogenous phytohormones by this inducted the
morphogenesis in wheat embryo tissue culture.
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