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ͪКормопроизводствоͫ № 10, 2015

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EFFICACY OF FERTILIZING A LONG-TERM HAYFIELD

D. M. Teberdiev, Dr. Agr. Sc.

A. V. Rodionova, PhD Agr. Sc.

All-Russian Williams Fodder Research Institute RAAS

141055, Russia, the Moscow region, Lobnya, Science Town, 1

E-mail:

dmteberdiev@mail.ru

The producƟve longevity of long-term grasslands’ was studied while maintaining the valuable species composi-

Ɵon by ferƟlizaƟon. Pastures dominated by shortgrasses (

Festuca rubra

, bluegrass) were formed under zero or

low rates of mineral and organic ferƟlizers. The swards’ producƟvity was 3.1 t ha

-1

DM under ferƟlizers’ absence,

being up to 6.2 t ha

-1

DM under N

PK. The hayfield dominated by tall-growing grasses (meadow foxtail, mead-

ow fescue, cocksfoot, smooth brome) persisted at N doses above 90 kg ha

-1

. The sward producƟvity for the last

21 years exceeded 6.2 t ha

-1

DM or 63 GJ of exchange energy and 846 kg ha

-1

of crude protein on average. 1 kg

of mineral ferƟlizers for the retrogressive succession was paid back by 115–119 GJ of exchange energy and 1.3–

3.2 kg of crude protein. The payback of the progressive succession background was 101–180 GJ of exchange en-

ergy and 1.7–2.7 kg of crude protein. The highest plant biodiversity was observed in the retrogressive succession.

The sward’s total projecƟve cover reached 66–84 %; under the progressive succession it made up to 88–93 %. For

the 67 years of uƟlizaƟon the sustainable phytocenoses provided high-quality fodder on the background of min-

eral and organic ferƟlizaƟon.

Keywords:

sward, hayfield, crop yield, botanical composiƟon, producƟvity, ferƟlizer, agrophytocenosis.

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