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ЛУГОВЕДЕНИЕ И ЛУГОВОДСТВО
ͪКормопроизводствоͫ № 11, 2014
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14. Volenec J. J. Yield components, plant morphology, and forage quality of alfalfa as influenced by plant population / J. J. Volenec, J. H. Cherney,
K. D. Johnson // Crop Sci. — 1987. —Vol. 27. — P.321–326.
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K. D. Johnson // Crop Sci. — 1987. —Vol. 27. — P.321–326.
PRODUCTIVE LONGEVITY OF DIFFERENT ALFALFA VARIETIES IN THE MOSCOW REGION
N. N. Lazarev, Dr. Agr. Sc.
A. M. Starodubtseva
E. M. Kurenkova
D. V. Pyatinskiy
Crop Production and Grassland Ecosystems Department, Russian State Agrarian University —
Moscow Agricultural Academy named after K. A. Timiryazev
127550, Russia, Moscow, Timiryazevskaya str., 49
E-mail:
ProducƟve longevity of different alfalfa varieƟes depends on soil ferƟlity, weather condiƟons, intensity of use and
disease incidences. The pasture-type alfalfa (Medicago varia Martyn.) culƟvars ‘Pastbischnaya 88’, ‘Lugovaya 67’,
‘Selena’, and ‘Nakhodka’ were tested on well-culƟvated soils. On their 5th and 6th years of use 36–72 plants were
leŌ per 1 m2, dry maƩer yields reached 5–7 tons ha -1. Thinning of the swards was recorded both aŌer unfavour-
able winter condiƟons and due to the diseases in the summer period. To the 15–17th year of use the producƟvity
of alfalfa-based swards declined to 2.8–3.12 tons ha-1. Being well-provided with P and K on the sod-podzolic soil,
alfalfa persisted in the mixtures with smooth brome even on its 18th year of use. 1-7 alfalfa plants per 1 m2 provid-
ed significantly higher yields than pure grass stands. Smooth brome is a good companion for alfalfa/grass mixtures
for long-term twice a season use. This species considerably resisted dandelion invasions and did not oppress alfal-
fa. The key condiƟon of smooth brome persistence in mixtures with other gramineous grasses is annual applica-
Ɵon of N90. Without mineral nitrogen ferƟlizaƟon the swards were invaded by wild grasses and dandelion, and the
share of smooth brome decreased to 10–18 %. On moderately rich soils serious thinning of alfalfa with Ɵmothy
swards was recorded already in the 4th year aŌer sowing. Their producƟvity declined to the level of 1.58–2.92 tons
ha-1. Alfalfa/grass mixtures producƟvity exceeded that of the single-species Ɵmothy crop by 1.8–2.0 Ɵmes.
Keywords: producƟve longevity, alfalfa, varieƟes, plant density, producƟvity.
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