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ОБЩИЕ ВОПРОСЫ КОРМОПРОИЗВОДСТВА 6
ͪКормопроизводствоͫ № 1, 2014
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THE MAIN CURRENT RESULTS
OF THE ALL-RUSSIAN WILLIAMS FODDER RESEARCH INSTITUTE EXPERIMENTS
V. M. Kosolapov, I. A. Trofimov
The InsƟtute has gained new fundamental knowledge and technologies for producƟon management, environ-
ment-improving and protecƟng potenƟals of forage plants, agro-ecosystems and agricultural landscapes, which
are implemented in 2013 in the system of prioriƟzed applied research on breeding and seed producƟon of for-
age crops, as well as on grassland and field forage producƟon, together with feed conservaƟon and use. The In-
sƟtute’s collecƟon of the forage plants gene bank was enriched and extended by the expediƟons to different re-
gions of Russia. It numbers 238 species, including 6463 storage units comprising 83 donors of valuable agronom-
ic traits aimed for breeding.
The newly constructed efficient plant-rhizobial systems of changeable alfalfa hybrids and the new generaƟon
of Rhizobia strains exceed the previous one by 50-70 % in symbioƟc efficiency and 2.7-3.7 Ɵmes (110-240 kg ha-1)
in the accumulaƟon of biological nitrogen. 20 samples of promising clover breeding material were obtained, in-
cluding 2 culƟvar-and-strain systems, 4 hybrid samples of red clover, 2 samples of white clover and 2 samples of
bird’s-foot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.). A changeable alfalfa variety ‘Vela ’ was created. New breeding material of
grasses (cocksfoot, meadow fescue, smooth brome, quack grass) was obtained providing the dry maƩer yields of
10-13 t ha-1. Two naƟonal standards on the sowing qualiƟes of seeds are developed. A database on the condiƟon
and the main direcƟons of development of field fodder producƟon in the Central Federal District is formed. Criteria
of reforming short-term legume-grass phytocenosis into perennial and self-renewing ones are developed. The proj-
ect of a new naƟonal standard “Silage from forage plants. SpecificaƟons” is developed. The Federal Agency on Tech-
nical RegulaƟng and Metrology has approved the naƟonal standard on rough herbaceous feeds’ quality — GOST
R 55452-2013 “Hay and silage. SpecificaƟons”. At the iniƟaƟve of the InsƟtute 4 creaƟve associaƟons of the Rus-
sian plant breeders are established and effecƟvely working, they are “Clover”, “Alfalfa”, “Grasses”, and “Arid crops.”
Keywords: forage producƟon, grassland farming, field forage producƟon, plant breeding and seed producƟon of
forage crops, feed conservaƟon and storage, grain forage.
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