85 / 90
genera belong to Asteraceae (27), followed by Lamiaceae (15), Apiaceae (14),
Fabaceae (13), Rosaceae (13), etc. (Table 2).
Among the families the most taxa-rich is Asteraceae (38) with relatively
low species/genus ratio (1.4) which shows that the distribution of the species
is nearly the same as for the genera (Table 2). On the contrary, this ratio in
Scrophulariaceae is high (2.5) indicating that the species are distributed within
a small number of genera. The lowest ratio is established in Apiaceae (1.1).
The most species-rich genera are
Trifolium
(8) and
Geranium
(8).
Table 2.
Number of genera, species and infraspecific taxa for families with more than 10 species
and the ratio species/genus.
Genera
Species
Family
Total
%
total
Total
%
total
Species-to-genus
ratio
Asteraceae
27
11.5
38
10.6
1.4
Poaceae
17
7.3
20
5.6
1.2
Lamiaceae
15
6.4
21
5.8
1.4
Apiaceae
14
6.0
15
4.2
1.1
Fabaceae
13
5.6
23
6.4
1.8
Rosaceae
13
5.6
23
6.4
1.8
Caryophyllaceae
12
5.1
23
6.4
1.9
Scrophulariaceae
8
3.4
20
5.6
2.5
Brassicaceae
6
2.6
11
3.1
1.8
The great majority of taxa refer to the biological type of perennial herbs
(243), followed by annuals (33), shrubs (21), annuals-biennials (20), trees
(17), perrenials (19), shrubs-trees (4), semi-shrubs (2) and trees-shrubs (1).
The Balkan endemics are 7 -
Pinus рейсе
G r i s b.,
Acer heldreichii
О r p h.
ex В о i s s.,
Cirsium appendiculatum
G r i s b.,
Chamaecytisus absintioides
(J a n к a)
К u z m.,
Digitalis viridiflora
L i n d 1.,
Sesleria comosa
V e 1. and
Armeria rumelica
В о i s s. The species
Viola orbelica
P a n is a Bulgarian endemic.
When taking conservation measures, priority should always be given to the
local endemics and to the areas considerably degraded by human activity.
Such practical measures should whenever possible concur with the floristic
and taxonomic investigation of the flora of the respective area. Recently
described species should better be included in „Red Books" in order that their
future taxonomical study and evaluation may not be prevented by their untimely
extinction ( Ku zma n o v , 1981).
Following Kuzmanov (1969) the number of the Tertiary relicts is 18 -
Juniperus communis
L.,
Taxus baccata
L.,
Abies alba
Mill. ,
Pinus рейсе
G r i s b.,
Picea abies
(L.) Ka r s t . ,
Acer campestre
L.,
Acer pseudoplatanus
L.,
Betula pendula
Ro t h . ,
Daphne mezereum
L.,
Clematis vitalba
L.,
Hedera helix
L.,
Populus tremula
L.,
Salix caprea
L.,
Vaccinium myrtillus
L.,
Lonicera nigra
L.,
Lonicera xylosteum
L.,
Fraxinus excelsior
L.,
Alnus glutinosa
(L.) G a e r t n.
Only 3 species are considered as glacial relicts -
Soldanella chiysostricta
Kr e s s ,
Saxifraga stellaris
L. and
Phleum alpinum
L.
86
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