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и устойчивости сельскохозяйственных земель России // Зерновое хозяйство

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SYSTEMS APPROACH DEVELOPMENT IN STUDYING AND MANAGING

AGRICULTURAL LAND, ECOSYSTEMS AND AGRO-LANDSCAPES

V. M. Kosolapov, I. A. Trofimov, L. S. Trofimova, E. P. Yakovleva

The methodological foundations agrolandscape-environmental study and management o f

agricultural land are developed. They are based on the concept o f conservation and re

production used in agriculture land and other natural resources, soil fertility, longevity

productive agro-ecosystems and agro-landscapes (All-Russian Williams Fodder Research

Institute developed); the concept o f ecological frame o f agricultural landscapes and eco-

economic balance (Moscow State University, Institute o f Geography Russian Academy o f

Sciences). Integration understanding of agricultural land essence allows to consider them

as a natural-agricultural systems. They have a specific structure, function, communication

and interlinked with other agrogeo- ecosystems and geo-ecosystems creating the environ

ment. They supply its own limits agricultural products and other derivatives o f its func

tioning by-character, related to the development o f negative processes. Features o f the

study, constructing, management o f agricultural land are determined the dual nature-

production essence agrogeo-ecosystems and the presence o f three subsystems (abiotic,

biotic and anthropogenic). A special role is played by the control and monitoring unit.

Agrogeo-ecosystems characterized by the presence of three types relationships (sub-

stance-energy, information and management); three main functions agrogeo-ecosystems

(productional, environment forming, and nature protection); ability response reactions o f

agrogeo-ecosystems to anthropogenic impacts; adaptive capacity and recovery; as well as

their distinctive openness and dynamism. Priorities for the study and management o f agri

cultural land set out in principle (systems approach, the emergence, the environmental

frame landscape, landscape-ecological balance, multi-level and multi-adaptation, and

others.). They are intended to improve the adaptability, sustainability, productivity, re

source conservation and environmental role o f agro-ecosystems and agricultural land

scapes.

Keywords:

systems approach, agricultural land, agro-ecosystems, agricultural land

scapes, research, environmental management.

Электронная Научная СельскоХозяйственная Библиотека