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Induced mutations in sea buckthorn as well as in other species affect the form and

colouring of leaves, fruits and seedlings, the rate of plant growth in height, length of

internodes, content of chlorophyll in leaves, chemical composition of fruits and leaves,

adaptive properties of plants, their response to temperatures and to the light day length and

many other features. Mutations more frequently occurred in sea buckthorn arc listed in

Table 1.

Results of our investigations show that induction of new allelic mutations affecting

traits most important for plant breeding seems real only with a collection of mutants easily

accessible to any breeders. Since gene mutations in homozygous state usually display

decreased resistance to unfavourable conditions in Siberia, it is necessary to have at hand

Table 1

Main types of sea buckthorn somatic mutations in M| induced by ionising radiation and

chemical mutagenesis

Symbol Mutation

Phenotype description

albino

Cotyledons and leaves are white and chlorophyllous

light-green Cotyledons and leaves are light-green, gradually going green to

the end of vegetation and while growing

hid

narrow

leaved

Plants are dwarfs and semi-dwarfs, with narrow leaves

glossy-leaf

Leaves are glossy and multiscaled

yellow

Cotyledons and leaves are light-yellow, going slightly green to the

end of vegetation and dark green while

tig

dark-green Leaves arc dark green

brl

broad-leaved Broad-leaved

thrl

thornless

Thornless of mild thorny

brachytic

Internodes arc shortened

dwarf

All parts of the plant are shortened, leaves arc dark and wrinkled

large-fruited Large-fruited

red-fruited Red-fruited

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