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РАСТЕНИЕВОДСТВО И ЗЕМЛЕДЕЛИЕ
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HERACLEUM L. SPECIES ON HAYFIELDS
AND PASTURES OF THE FOREST ZONE
IN EUROPEAN RUSSIA
KURENKOVA E. M.1
STARODUBTSEVA A. M.2, PhD Agr. Sc.
1Russian Timiryazev State Agrarian University,
Department of Crop Research and Grassland Ecosystems
127550, Russia, Moscow, Listvennichnaya alleya (avenue), 3
E-mail:
2The All-Russian Research Institute for Plant Quarantine
140150, Russia, the Moscow region, Ramenskiy rayon,
poselok Bykovo (village), Pogranichnaya str., 32
E-mail:
During ontogenesis, all plants synthesize various organic substances, which are the products of primary and secondary me-
tabolism. They are convenƟonally divided into acƟve, or biologically acƟve (BAC), related and ballast compounds accord-
ing to their effect on animals and humans. QualitaƟve, quanƟtaƟve composiƟon and raƟo of BAC influence plant palatabil-
ity, nutriƟve value, and feed safety. Under different condiƟons, presence of BAC may classify species as feed, medicinal or
poisonous plants. The search for new feed plants with sufficient cold resistance and high producƟvity is very important in
the forest zone of Russia, especially in the northern regions of the European part of the country. However, recent decades
showed wide spread of the genus Heracleum L., aggressively invading and cardinally changing local phytocenosis. This makes
farmers quesƟon the safety of hayfields and pastures, having these plants. A decision depends largely on knowledge of bo-
tanical and biochemical features of cow-parsnips. Since nowadays there is no unified systemaƟzaƟon of poisonous plants,
the so-called clinical classificaƟon by the symptoms of feed poisoning is the most suitable for parƟcular cases. According to
I. A. Gusynin (1962), the author of this classificaƟon, plants of the genus Heracleum L. were classified as toxic. Modern re-
searches describe no cases of cow-parsnip toxicity when using it as green feed, hay or silage. To confirm the I. A. Gusynin’s
statements, the literature were used from different fields of science. Despite a conclusion made in the review, the quesƟon
on Heracleum L. toxicity remains controversial and requires further invesƟgaƟons.
Keywords: Heracleum L., areal, toxicity, poisonousness, bioacƟve compounds, forest zone.
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