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V. M. Kosolapov, I. A. Trofimov, L. S. Trofimova.
Fodder production in agriculture, ecology and rational nature
management (theory and practice). - M.: 2014. - 135 p.
List of Russian agriculture problems is very extensive. It includes: a low
volume and instability of production in plant industry and animal husbandry;
decrease of the cattle stock; deficiency of fodders (energy, protein); shortage of
financial, material and energetic resources, high cost and low competitive ability of
milk and beef production. The determining factors of weak development of
agriculture are degradation of agrolandscapes: arable lands, nature pastures, soils
erosion and loss of humus; misbalance of agricultural lands and agrolandscapes
infrastructure (proportion of arable lands, grasslands and forest). Very alarming
situation is observed in agriculture because of absence the balance between and
inside the farming agriculture, plant industry and animal husbandry - on animal
species, on sowing acreages structure, in seed rotations. Especial negative aspects a
as following: cultivation of commercial agricultural crops to the detriment of the
phytosanitory situation, soils fertility, agrolandscapes state and environment
stability. These factors conduct to the instability to response on climate influence,
on common development of economics, ecology and aesthetics of agricultural
industry. The benefits of fodder production for agriculture development are
numerous. It is based on the use of natural reproducible resources significantly and
thus it is very profitable sector of economy that integrates all other branches of
agriculture. Fodder production provides: the feeds for animal husbandry, crops
productivity for plant industry, soils fertility, productivity and stability of lands for
farming agriculture. Significance of fodder production is determined by its role in
the effective management by agricultural lands and agrolandscapes, by
maintenance the environment state and necessary balance of agricultural branches.
Development of fodder production - is the strategic direction in improvement of
agriculture adaptability and stability, the base of rational nature management and
environment protection.
Key words: plant cultivation, natural grasslands, forage crops, meadows,
field forage production, breeding, seed production, harvesting, storage, use of
feeds.
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