Этюды в области гибридизации, иммунитета и трансплантации растений

STUDIES ON HYBRIDIZATION AND IMMUNITY OF PLANTS BY DR. P . M. Z HU K O V S K Y P R O F E S S O R OF BOTANY For several years we are studying the problem of experimental morphogenesis in plants. As test objects we used genera, species and varieties of plants seldom or hardly ever applied in experiments. As a result of these experiments we have obtained some theoretical and practical data. - In 1921 we discovered two new species of wheat in nature. At that time, nine species of wheat (genus Triticum L.) were known in the world, and the discovery of two new species not only enlarged our specific fund of wheat, but showed at the same time that this princi­ pal food product of humanity has nqt been sufficiently bred. Later oh, the English botanist Dr. J. Percival described four more species of:'wheattarid'-the' Russian scientists Dekaprelevitch, Tumanian and Jakubziner communicated about three new species. ~ Thus, during a short period, the number of species of wheat was doubled. К ■ - . • ~ Our two species were discovered in Georgia. One was called after the oldest agronomist in Transcaucasus, S. N. Timofeev «Tri­ ticum Timopheevi Zhuk.>>. We gave ah exhaustive analysis of tjiis species in 1928. This bread rarity is inherent to Western Georgia. It is prominant among the wheats of the world for its morphological characters, and for its resistance to-parasitic fungi. , The subsequent theoretical studies of this species in Russia and abroad were followed by attempts to utilize this species in selection. In Japan, a large genetic monograph on this species was publi­ shed by Lilienfeld and Kihara, proving the specific genom of Tri­ ticum'Timopheevi. Vi. • . i The wheat Triticum Timopheevi is .not convenient for pure cul­ ture as it is difficult for thrashing and its ears are brittle. ' The second species of wheat found in nature was also inherent to Georgia. It was.selected in lQlRas an independent-species from a population of soft wherit owing to its immunity, to Erysiphe grami- nis. A sample of this population was obtained from a commercial - 38 - Электронная Научная Сельскохозяйственная Библиотека