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SCIENCE HALL Important scientific research work is being conducted at scien­ tific and educational institutions in the sphere of poultry breed­ ing and in the training of specialists for the country’s industrial husbandries. Poultry breeding specialists are trained at faculties and depart­ ments of higher educational institutions, at secondary educational establishments and special courses. Scientific specialists are trained through post-graduate and doctorate studies. Scientific research work on poultry breeding is supervised and coordinated by the following institutes: the All-Union Scientific Research and Technological Institute on Poultry Breeding, the All-Union Scientific Research Institute of Bird Diseases and the All-Union Scientific Research Institute of the Poultry-processing Industry with a network of zonal scientific and educational institutions in the union republics. Scientific institutions have worked out the structure and orga­ nization of poultry breeding and the technology of the function­ ing poultry plants with a uniform all year round production of eggs and meat. Elaborated on in the Science Hall is the research work conducted by Soviet scientists in the field of selection, incubation, feeding, veterinary medicine and the construction and designing of poultry plants; depicted here also is the work of state designing offices where machines and equipment for the mechanization of poultry production processes are devised. Displayed on the central stained-glass panel are coloured photos and slides which depict the scientifically grounded system of the organization of poultry breeding in the Soviet Union. The complex husbandries, consolidated by a common production cycle, incorporate genetic-selection stations, pure-strain plants, reproducers, industrial incubators, poultry plants, industrial state and collective farms, as well as poultry-processing enterprises. Illustrated in the centre of the hall is a model of a general plan of specialized poultry plants with a complete production cycle having a capacity of 100 million eggs a year. The technological process of the industrial production of eggs is organized in such a way that it is possible to observe scientifically grounded zoo-veterinarian requirements, internal enterprise specialization and the most economically efficient organizational forms of production. Numerous scientific institutions are working on the subject of the laws of inheritance of principal useful hereditary chara­ cteristics in creating pure lines and crossbred poultry. The All-Union Scientific Research and Technological Institute on Poultry Breeding has made a study of the degree and character of the features inherited by the progeny from each of parental forms when crossbreeding hens contrasting and of the same type in productivity and constitution. A theory and some methods of somatic hybridization of poultry (All-Union Scientific Research and Technological Institute on Poultry Breeding, Leningrad Veterinary Institute, Pushkin Scientific Research Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Breeding) by means of transfusing the blood and its components have been worked out. A polyvalent antiserum has been obtained which makes it pos­ sible to determine paternity in the event of polyspermic insemina­ tion of hens (Genetics Institute of the Academv of Sciences of the USSR). 10 Электронная Научная СельскоХозяйственная Библиотека