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C O N T E N T S Preface .................................................................................................................................... 3 C h a p t e r I .Brief History and National — Economic Importance of Sunflower Crop (E. I. Shuvalov)....................................... ............................................. 6 Brief Essay of Crop H is to r y ........................................................................................... 3 Utilization of S u n f lo w e r ..........................................................................................................10 C h a p t e r II. Botanical and Biological Peculiarities of Sunflower Crop . . . . 14 Taxonomy of Sunflowers (G. V.P u s to v o it) ............................................................................14 Morphology and Anatomy of Sunflower Plant (A. B. Dyakov, T. A. Perestova) 21 Ecology of Sunflower Crop (Л. B. Dyakov) ................................................................. 29 C h a p t e r III. Physiology and Biochemistry of Sunflower Plant . . . . . 38- Chemical Composition of Sunflower Plant (N. F. Dublyanskaya).................................38 Germination of Sunflower Seeds (T. M. Fenelonova, L. M. Scherbakova) . . . 50 Nutrition and Water Rate of Sunflower Plant (A, B. Dyakov, I. N. Terentyeva, A. A. Borodulina, V. P.S u e to v ) ..................................................... 59 Ripening of Sunflower Seeds (P. S. Popov, A. B. D y a k o v )....................................... 87 Oil Content of Sunflower Achenes (A. B. D yakov).................................................... 103 Resistance of Sunflower Plant to Unfavourable Growth Conditions (A. Y. Panchen­ ko, I. N. T e re n ty e v a )........................................................................................................ 119 Sunflower Seed and Oil Storage (A. G. M a ly sh e v a ).................................................... 129 C h a p t e r IV. Breeding and Seed Growing of Sunflower C rop .................................136 History and Modern State of Sunflower Crop Breeding(V. S. Pustovoit) . . . 136 Methods and Techniques of Breeding Process (V. S. Pustovoit).................................139 The Main Trends in Breeding Work (V. S. P u s to v o it) ....................................... ...... 153 Sunflower Breeding for Group Immunity by the Method of Interspecific Hybridiza­ tion (G. V. Pustovoit)........................................................................................................ 164 linear — Hybridizational Method of Sunflower Breeding (К. I. Soldatov) . . . 210 Sunflower Breeding at the Don Experiment Plant Breeding Station (L. A. Zhdanov) 219 Sunflower Breeding at the Armavir Experiment Plant Breeding ^Station (V. I. S c h e rb in а ).............................................................................................................. 233 Sunflower Breeding at the Belgorod Experiment Plant Breeding Station (К- I. P rokhorov)..............................................................................................................238 Characteristics of Zoned Sunflower Varieties (T. G. Plytnikova).................................242 Sunflower Seed Production (V. S. Pustovoit, T. G. P lytnikova).................................251 Results and Prospects of Sunflower Breeding and Seed Production in the USSR (G. V. P u s to v o it).............................................................................................................. 259 C h a p t e r V. Methods of Sunflower Crop C u ltiv a tio n ..............................................277 Sunflower in Crop Rotation (В. K- Ignatyev)....................................................................... 277 Fertilization of Sunflower Plant (О. V. Enkina, В. K. Ignatyev, N. T. Agarkova, D. N. B e le v ts e v ).............................................................................................................. 287 System of Autumn Tillage (P. N. Yaroslavskaya, A. Ya. M aximova).......................... 309 Presowing Soil Cultivation for Sunflower Crop (P. G. Semikhnenko) . . . . 324 Sunflower Crop Seeding (P. G. S e m ik h n e n k o )................................................................ 335 Methods of Management for Sunflower Crop Seeded Fields (P. G. Semikhnenko) 350 Application of Herbicides and Desiccants (D. S. V a s ily e v ).......................... ...... . 362 Watering of Sunflower Plant (P. G. Semikhnenko, В. K. Ignatyev).......................... 375 Crop Harvesting (P. G. S e m ik h n e n k o )............................................................................. 382 C h a p t e r VI. Diseases and Pests of Sunflower Plant and Ways of Their Control 391 Diseases of Sunflower Plant (О. I. Tikhonov)................................................................. 391 Pests of Sunflower Plant (R. V. B arten ev a).......................................................................426 C h a p t e r VII. Complex Mechanization of Sunflower Crop Cultivation and H a rv e stin g ........................................................................................................ * * 457 590